Central Cordillera, Balbalasang-Balbalan National Park, Kalinga (Luzon)

Abstract:
The proposed Balbalasang-Balbalan National Park is composed of two mountain ranges with numerous creeks all draining towards the Saltan River, which divides the two ranges. It is characterized by high mountain ranges with steep slopes and rugged, rocky terrain. Mt Sapocoy, which is located on the western boundary of the park overlooking the Ilocos and Cagayan Valleys, is the highest peak at 2500 meters. The lowest point in the park is at Balbalan in the eastern portion, with an elevation of 700 meters. Major tracts of old-growth forest starts from around 700 meters with large areas of intact montane forest, dipterocarp forest, Benguet pine forest and mossy forest. The forests have been sheltered by their remoteness and to some extent, protected because of the adverse peace and order situation in the province. The said situation has helped discourage the establishment of commercial timber harvesting operations. Beside it, the forests in and around barangay Balbalasang are protected by the elders, who among the Kalinga tribes, have the final say in tribal matters. The people of Balbalasang are fiercely protective in nature particularly after a number of natural disasters like mudslides and a forest fire. Furthermore, the elders and barangay officials set strict guidelines and regulations on the use of the forest complete with penalties such as the payment of a full-grown carabao to the community. Selective and limited logging for example, is allowed for justifiable reasons like the building of a home, and for a fee paid to the community. The result is the preservation of the forests on the mountains under the jurisdiction of the barangay. Unfortunately, the other barangays in the municipality of Balbalan are not as strict and protective of their resources.
Tips:
Just like Barlig, this not the most popular tourism destination, but the people here are extremely friendly and hospitable! Try to strike up a conversation in the jeepney and tell what your plans are (birding, hiking etc.). Ask if someone could help you and in just a few seconds, people will offer their help. As a tradition in many (isolated) communities in the Philippines, the barangay captain will accommodate you somewhere and there’s no need to worry about getting hungry. The barangay captain will also arrange guides/porters for you. Bring some food (for camping and for the people you will be staying with for a couple of nights) and small gifts for the family with you. They really appreciate it! Try to bring some articles that are not easy to find in the local sari-sari stores. Brown sugar and bread are always good. Balbalasang men like to drink gin. Ginebra San Miguel would be an excellent choice!
Warning:
There are no NPA rebels active in this barangay but there operations in nearby Abra Province and Apayao Province. Clashes between the NPA and the Philippine Army soldiers may occur in this region.

Transport from Barlig centro, via Bontoc, to Tabuk City:
- Jeepney: Barlig centro to Bontoc (2-3 hrs).
- Bus: Halsema Highway in Bontoc (opposite Kammangay eatery) to Tabuk City (10 hrs). There are a few buses a day. The first one will leave at 8:30 am.
Transport from Dagupan, Tabuk to Balbalasang:
- Jeepney: From Tabuk City (Dagupan) to Balbalasang (9-10 hrs)
There are 1-2 jeepneys a day from Tabuk City to Balbalasang. The first one will leave around 6:30 am.
Transport from Balbalasang to Campsite 1 (Balbalasang-Balbalan National Park):
- Hike: Balbalasang to Campsite 1 (5-6 hrs).
Transport from Campsite 1 to Campsite 2:
- Hike, Campsite 1 to Campsite 2 (2-3 hrs).
Transport from Campsite 2 to Balbalasang:
- Hike, Campsite 2 to Balbalasang (7-8 hrs).
Transport from Balbalasang to Tabuk City:
- Jeepney: Balbalasang to Tabuk City (7-8 hrs)
There are only 1-2 jeepneys a day to Tabuk City. The jeepney will depart near the sports field and school building.
Transport from Tabuk City to Tuguegarao City, Cagayan Province:
- Bus: Regular busses and jeepneys.
Transport information: It is a very long trip from Barlig centro to Tabuk (more than 12 hrs travel)! It takes 12 hrs because there is no direct bus connection (anymore) on the part of the road between Bontoc and Tabuk. Apparently, there has been a long taking (silent) tribal war around Tinglayan and Lubuagan with some encounters. As a result, no bus company will take this route for the time being (January 2008). Fortunately, there is still a jeepney from Bontoc to Tabuk (6-7 hrs). The bus from Bontoc to Tabuk will take this route: Bontoc-Banaue-Lagawe-Santiago-Cauayan-Tabuk.
Transport Bus Manila-Tabuk:
There are regular buses to and from Tabuk, starting point for exploring Kalinga Province. There are also daily trips from Manila to Tabuk (Bus companies: Victory Liner or Autobus Lines). You can also take a bus to Tuguegarao and get off in Cauayan or in Tuguegarao and take a bus from here to Tabuk.
Transport Air Manila-Tabuk:
Philippine Airlines flies three times a week from Manila to Tuguegarao. Jeepneys or buses in Tuguegarao bound for Tabuk are available daily with travel time of 1,5 hours.
Information jeepney Tabuk-Balbalasang:
Be prepared for a long jeepney adventure (8-9 hrs) from Tabuk to Balbalasang on a poorly maintained and slippery road. You will feel bumped and bruised once you reach your destination.

Accommodation Tabuk, Kalinga:
Davidson Hotel (Bulanao). Davidson Hotel (Bulanao): This is the best hotel in town with clean rooms and a good restaurant. Other hotels/inns are found in Dagupan (Tabuk centro).
Accomodation Balbalasang, Balbalan:
Local family.
Accomodation Balbalasang-Balbalan National Park:
Tent.

Visited birding sites:
1) Balbalasang-Balbalan National Park.

Balbalasang-Balbalan National Park
Location: Balbalan, Kalinga Province (Luzon).
Abstract: This National Park is probably one of the best sites in the country with relatively undisturbed montane forests and with a high density of almost all mountain species present in Luzon!
Campsite 1 (1250 m): Hike for 5-6 hours on steep slopes. The first hour is relatively easy with pleasant walks in open, mostly cultivated land with rice fields. Then, you have to cross a river twice and get wet. The rest is uphill with Benguet Pine forests and montane forests. The last 30 minutes to the campsite is a very steep downhill to a river-bed. Campsite 1 is located at the fork of two rivers surrounded with steep hills covered with pine trees and montane forest.
Campsite 2 (1400 m): The second campsite is uphill from Campsite 1 and you have to follow the trail to the town of Pasil for about 2 hours. Then you have to follow a steep trail until you reach a ridge. The campsite is located on a flat ridge in montane tropical dominated by oak trees.
Difficulty: Moderate to difficult.

Road between Balbalasang and the border with Abra Province
Location: Balbalan, Kalinga Province (Luzon).
Abstract: Good montane forests can be found between Sitio Saltan and Abra Province, starting after the last hut in Saltan (Balbalasang) on the left side of the main road. After crossing the following bridge, the road will go up steeply and after 100 metres, the road will make a sharp turn to the right. This is the point where you will find good forest (montane forest mixed with Benguet pine forest), probably until the border between the two provinces (Bolac).
Difficulty: Easy.



Birds:
Philippine Hawk-Eagle, Spotted Buttonquail, Flame-breasted Fruit-Dove, Pink-bellied Imperial Pigeon, Montane Racquet-tail, Luzon Scops-Owl, Whiskered Pitta, Grand Rhabdornis, Luzon Water-Redstart, Ashy Ground-Thrush, Luzon Jungle-Flycatcher, Mountain Shrike, Flame-crowned Flowerpecker, Tawny-breasted Parrotfinch, Green-faced Parrotfinch, Red Crossbill and White-cheeked Bullfinch.
Mammals:
Northern Luzon Giant Cloud Rat, Philippine Warty Pig and Philippine Brown Deer.

BIRDLIST
1-8-2008 = Mountain Province, Ifugao, Nueva Vizcaya, Isabela and Kalinga (Tabuk City);
1-9-2008 = Kalinga;
1-10-2008 = Kalinga (Balbalasang, Balbalan);
1-11-2008 = Kalinga (Balbalasang, Balbalan);
1-12-2008 = Kalinga (Balbalasang, Balbalan);
1-13-2008 = Kalinga and Cagayan (Tuguegarao City).
Weather: Sunny and dry.

--Herons, Egrets, Bitterns--
Purple Heron (Ardea purpurea manilensis)
1-8-2008 Cauayan, Isabela (Luzon) 1
Great Egret, "Eastern Great Egret" (Ardea alba modesta)
1-8-2008 Isabela (Luzon) present
Intermediate Egret, "Yellow-billed Egret" (Egretta intermedia)
1-8-2008 Isabela (Luzon) present
Little Egret (Egretta garzetta garzetta)
1-8-2008 Isabela (Luzon) present
Malayan Night-Heron (Gorsachius melanolophus kutteri) [Esp]
1-8-2008 Balinciagao, Pasil, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
Cattle Egret, "Eastern Cattle Egret" (Bubulcus (ibis) coromandus)
1-8-2008 Ifugao (Luzon) present
1-8-2008 Isabela (Luzon) present
1-8-2008 Kalinga (Luzon) present
Black-crowned Night-Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax nycticorax)
1-9-2008 Chico River Dam, Calanasan, Tabuk (Kalinga) 5
Cinnamon Bittern (Ixobrychus cinnamomeus)
1-8-2008 Cordon, Isabela (Luzon) 1
Yellow Bittern (Ixobrychus sinensis)
1-8-2008 Cauayan Airport, Isabela (Luzon) 2
1-9-2008 Pasil, Kalinga (Luzon) 1

--Buzzards, Kites, Eagles, Vultures, Harriers, Hawks--
Barred Honeybuzzard (Pernis celebensis winkleri) [Esp]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
Black-shouldered Kite, "Black-winged Kite" (Elanus caeruleus hypoleucus)
1-8-2008 Cauayan Airport, Isabela (Luzon) 2
Brahminy Kite (Haliastur indus intermedius)
1-8-2008 Lagawe, Ifugao (Luzon) 1
1-8-2008 Santiago, Isabela (Luzon) 2
Besra (Accipiter virgatus confusus) [Esp]
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-11-2008 Pasil-Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
Chinese Goshawk (Accipiter soloensis)
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1 + 1
Grey-faced Buzzard (Butastur indicus)
1-8-2008 Talubin-Banaue, Mountain Province-Ifugao (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2 + 2
Philippine Serpent-Eagle, "Crested Serpent-Eagle" (Spilornis holospilus) ("Spilornis cheela holospilus") [E] ["Esp"]
1-8-2008 Bontoc-Banaue, Mountain Province 1 + 1
1-8-2008 Lagawe, Ifugao (Luzon) 1
1-9-2008 Chico River Dam, Calanasan, Tabuk (Kalinga) 1
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
Philippine (Monkey-eating) Eagle, "Great Philippine Eagle" (Pithecophaga jefferyi) [E]
xx-xx-xxxx Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) last sighting of the White-bellied Eagle (Philippine Eagle) in this area is made around 1995
Rufous-bellied Eagle (Hieraaetus kienerii formosus)
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
Philippine Hawk-Eagle, "Luzon Hawk-Eagle" (Spizaetus (philippensis) philippensis) [E]
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1

--Falconets, Falcons--
Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus ernesti)
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1

--Junglefowl, Pheasants, Patridges, Quails--
Red Junglefowl (Gallus gallus philippensis) [Esp]
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2

--Buttonquails--
Worcester's Buttonquail, "Luzon Buttonquail" (Turnix worcesteri) [E]
xx-xx-xxxx Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) A buttonquail species is seen by locals near thick bamboo vegetation around Balbalasang. This species could be the Worcester's Buttonquail

--Rails, Crakes, Waterhens, Coots--
Barred Rail (Gallirallus torquatus torquatus) [nE]
1-9-2008 Balinciagao, Pasil, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1 rice fields
Brown-banded Rail, "Luzon Rail" (Lewinia mirifica) (Lewinia mirificus) [E]
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1? perhaps this species
A sighting of a small and dark rail species about 50 meters from Campsite 1, early in the morning; this could be a Brown-banded Rail

--Doves, Pigeons--
Rock Pigeon, "Feral Pigeon" (Columba livia)
1-8-2008 Banaue, Ifugao (Luzon) present
1-8-2008 Solano, Nueva Vizcaya (Luzon) present
1-8-2008 Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) present
White-eared Brown-Dove, "White-eared Dove" (Phapitreron leucotis leucotis) [E]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 3
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 6
Amethyst Brown-Dove, "Amethyst Dove" (Phapitreron amethystinus amethystina) [E]
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5
Flame-breasted Fruit-Dove (Ptilinopus marchei) [E]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 6
Common; never had a good view of this bird, only observations of birds flying over and birds flying off (wing-clapping)
Yellow-breasted Fruit-Dove (Ptilinopus occipitalis occipitalis) [E]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
Pink-bellied Imperial-Pigeon (Ducula poliocephala) [E]
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
Philippine Cuckoo-Dove (Macropygia tenuirostris) [E]
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1 + 2
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
Island Collared-Dove (Streptopelia bitorquata dusumieri) [Esp]
1-9-2008 Chico River Dam, Calanasan, Tabuk (Kalinga) 2
Red Turtle-Dove (Streptopelia tranquebarica humilis)
1-8-2008 Cauayan, Isabela (Luzon) 2
Spotted Dove, "Spotted-necked Dove" (Streptopelia chinensis tigrina)
1-8-2008 Bontoc, Mountain Province (Luzon) present
1-8-2008 Lagawe, Ifugao (Luzon) present
1-8-2008 Solano, Nueva Vizcaya (Luzon) present
1-8-2008 Isabela (Luzon) present
1-8-2008 Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) present
1-13-2008 Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) present
Zebra Dove (Geopelia striata striata)
1-8-2008 Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) present

--Lorikeets, Cockatoos, Parrots, Racquet-tails, Hanging Parrots--
Montane Racquet-tail, "Luzon (Montane) Racquet- tail" (Prioniturus (montanus) montanus) [E]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5 + 6 + 3
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1 + 5 + 8 + 5
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2 + 3
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5
Common; daily flocks of racquet-tails flying over the forests (mainly in the early morning and late afternoon)
Colasisi , "Philippine Hanging Parrot" (Loriculus philippensis philippensis) [E]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2 elementary school
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1

--Cuckoos, Malkohas, Coucals--
Philippine Hawk-Cuckoo (Cuculus pectoralis) [E]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 4
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
Brush Cuckoo, "Rusty-breasted Cuckoo" (Cacomantis (variolosus) sepulcralis)
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
Scale-feathered Malkoha (Lepidogrammus cumingi) [E]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2 + 1
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2 + 1
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1 + 1 + 1
Red-crested Malkoha, "Rough-crested Malkoha" (Dasylophus superciliosus superciliosus) [E]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
Lesser Coucal (Centropus bengalensis philippinensis) [Esp]
1-8-2008 Cauayan Airport, Isabela (Luzon) 1
1-13-2008 Tabuk-Tuguegarao, Kalinga-Cagayan (Luzon) 1 + 1
Philippine Coucal (Centropus viridis viridis) [E]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1

--Owls--
Luzon Scops-Owl (Otus longicornis) [E]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2-3
Quite common; numbers are probably underestimate
Philippine Hawk-Owl, "Luzon Hawk-Owl" (Ninox (philippensis) philippensis) [E]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
A big bird flying out of a tree in the early night could be a Philippine Eagle-Owl.
No Philippine Scops-Owl heared during my visit; most likely missed

--Frogmouths--
Philippine Frogmouth (Batrachostomus septimus microrhynchus) [E]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2

--Nightjars--
Great Eared Nightjar (Eurostopodus macrotis macrotis) [Esp]
1-13-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1 elementary school
Philippine Nightjar (Caprimulgus manillensis) [E]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1

--Swifts, Needletails--
Island Swiflet, "Uniform Swiftlet" (Aerodramus vanikorensis amelis)
1-9-2008 Chico River Dam, Calanasan, Tabuk (Kalinga) 12
1-9-2008 Pasil-Balbalasang, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-13-2008 Balbalasang-Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) 3 + 10
Philippine Swiftlet (Aerodramus mearnsi) [E]
1-8-2008 Bontoc-Banaue, Mountain Province-Ifugao (Luzon) 20
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 6
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 13
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5
Glossy Swiftlet (Collocalia esculenta isonota) [Esp]
1-8-2008 Banaue-Lagawe, Mountain Province (Luzon) 10
1-8-2008 Cauayan Airport, Isabela (Luzon) 40+
1-8-2008 Santiago, Isabela (Luzon) 4
1-13-2008 Tabuk-Tuguegarao, Kalinga-Cagayan (Luzon) 8
1-13-2008 Tuguegarao, Cagayan (Luzon) 15
Purple Needletail (Hirundapus celebensis)
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
Two swiflets seen on 1-12-2008, flying together with Philippine Swiftlets, could be Whitehead's Swiftlet

--Trogons--
Philippine Trogon (Harpactes ardens luzoniensis) [E]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 3
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2

--Kingfishers--
Indigo-banded Kingfisher (Alcedo cyanopectus cyanopectus) [E]
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1 Saltan River, near Balbalasang
White-throated Kingfisher (Halcyon smyrnensis gularis) [Esp]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1 bridge Saltan River
White-collared Kingfisher, "Collared Kingfisher" (Todirhamphus chloris collaris)
1-8-2008 Banaue-Lagawe, Mountain Province (Luzon) 1
1-8-2008 Cauayan, Isabela (Luzon) 1
1-8-2008 Santiago, Isabela (Luzon) 1
1-8-2008 Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-9-2008 Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-9-2008 Chico River Dam, Calanasan, Tabuk (Kalinga) 2
1-9-2008 Pasil-Balbalasang, Kalinga (Luzon) 3
1-9-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-13-2008 Balbalasang-Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) 5
1-13-2008 Tabuk-Tuguegarao, Kalinga-Cagayan (Luzon) 3
1-13-2008 Tuguegarao, Cagayan (Luzon) 1 bus terminal Cauyan River

--Bee-eaters--
Blue-tailed Bee-eater (Merops philippinus philippinus)
1-8-2008 Cauayan Airport, Isabela (Luzon) 2+
1-9-2008 Chico River Dam, Calanasan, Tabuk (Kalinga) 1
1-13-2008 Tabuk-Tuguegarao, Kalinga-Cagayan (Luzon) 10
1-13-2008 Tuguegarao, Cagayan (Luzon) 3 Cagayan River

--Hornbills--
Luzon Hornbill, "Luzon Tarictic" (Penelopides manillae manillae) [E]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2+
Rufous Hornbill (Buceros hydrocorax hydrocorax) [E]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5+
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 8
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 6
Common with daily encounters of individuals and small flocks calling and flying around

--Barbets--
Coppersmith Barbet (Megalaima haemacephala haemacephala) [Esp]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2

--Woodpeckers--
Philippine (Pygmy) Woodpecker (Dendrocopos maculatus validirostris) [E]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 3
White-bellied Woodpecker (Dryocopus javensis esthloterus) [Esp]
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
Greater Flameback, "Greater Flame-backed Woodpecker" (Chrysocolaptes lucidus haematribon) [Esp]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2

--Pittas--
Whiskered Pitta, "Koch’s Pitta" (Pitta kochi) [E]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 3+
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
Heard around both campsites

--Martins, Swallows--
Plain Martin, "Brown-throated Martin" (Riparia paludicola tantilla) [Esp]
1-13-2008 Tuguegarao, Cagayan (Luzon) 10+ Cagayan River
Barn Swallow (Hirundo rustica gutturalis)
1-8-2008 Cauayan, Isabela (Luzon) 10+
1-8-2008 Santiago, Isabela (Luzon) 15+
Pacific Swallow (Hirundo tahitica javanica)
1-9-2008 Chico River Dam, Calanasan, Tabuk (Kalinga) 20+

--Cuckoo-shrikes, Trillers, Minivets--
Bar-bellied Cuckoo-shrike (Coracina striata striata) [Esp]
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 3+
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
Pied Triller (Lalage nigra chilensis) [Esp]
1-8-2008 Cordon, Isabela (Luzon) 1
1-9-2008 Pasil, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-9-2008 Pasil-Balbalasang, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-13-2008 Balbalasang-Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-13-2008 Tuguegarao, Cagayan (Luzon) 1
Scarlet Minivet (Pericrocotus flammeus novus) [Esp]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 3
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 6+
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2

--Bulbuls--
Yellow-vented Bulbul (Pycnonotus goiavier goiavier) [Esp]
1-8-2008 Ifugao (Luzon) present
1-8-2008 Isabela (Luzon) present
1-8-2008 Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) present
1-9-2008 Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) present
1-9-2008 Tabuk-Pasil, Kalinga (Luzon) present
1-9-2008 Pasil-Balbalasang, Kalinga (Luzon) present
1-9-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) present
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) present
1-13-2008 Balbalasang-Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) present
1-13-2008 Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) present
1-13-2008 Tabuk-Tuguegarao, Kalinga-Cagayan (Luzon) present
1-13-2008 Tuguegarao, Cagayan (Luzon) present
Philippine Bulbul (Ixos philippinus philippinus) [E]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 20+
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 30+
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 30+
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 10+
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 20+
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 15+

--Orioles, Fairy-Bluebirds--
White-lored Oriole (Oriolus albiloris) [E]
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
Philippine Fairy-Bluebird (Irena cyanogastra cyanogaster) [E]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2+

--Crows--
Slender-billed Crow, "Violet Crow" (Corvus enca subspecies?) [Esp]
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5+
Large-billed Crow (Corvus macrorhynchos philippinus) [Esp]
1-8-2008 Cauayan, Isabela (Luzon) 2
1-8-2008 Talubin-Banaue, Mountain Province-Ifugao (Luzon) 1
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-9-2008 Chico River Dam, Calanasan, Tabuk (Kalinga) 6+
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 3

--Tits--
Elegant Tit (Parus elegans elegans) [E]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 6
1-9-2008 Pasil-Balbalasang, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 15+
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 25+
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 3
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 15+
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 15+

--Nuthatches--
Sulphur-billed Nuthatch (Sitta oenochlamys isarog) [E]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 3
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 10+
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 8+
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5+

--Rhabdornis (Creepers)--
Stripe-headed Rhabdornis, "Stripe-sided Rhabdornis", "Stripe-headed Creeper" (Rhabdornis mystacalis mystacalis) [E]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
Grand Rhabdornis, "Long-billed Rhabdornis", "Long-billed Creeper" (Rhabdornis grandis) [E]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
Probably overlooked; 2 times seen in top of a Benguet Pine

--Babblers--
Chestnut-faced Babbler (Stachyris whiteheadi whiteheadi) [E]
1-8-2008 Banaue, Ifugao (Luzon) present
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 8+
1-9-2008 Pasil-Balbalasang, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 30+
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 50+
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 15+
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 10+

--Robins, Shamas, Thrushes--
White-browed Shortwing (Brachypteryx montana poliogyna) [Esp]
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2+
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
Luzon Water-Redstart, "Luzon Redstart" (Rhyacornis bicolor) [E]
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2 + 1
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
All encounters made on the Saltan River
Pied Bushchat (Saxicola caprata caprata) [Esp]
1-8-2008 Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-13-2008 Tuguegarao, Cagayan (Luzon) 1
Blue Rock-Thrush (Monticola solitarius philippensis)
1-8-2008 Bontoc-Banaue, Mountain Province-Ifugao (Luzon) 2
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 3
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
Ashy Ground-Thrush, "Ashy Thrush" (Zoothera cinerea) [E]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
Scaly Ground-Thrush, "Scaly Thrush", "White´s Trush" (Zoothera dauma)
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
Island Thrush (Turdus poliocephalus thomassoni) [Esp]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 4
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 6
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 3
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5
Eyebrowed Thrush (Turdus obscurus)
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 8+

--Old World Warblers--
Arctic Warbler (Phylloscopus borealis)
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 3
Mountain Leaf-Warbler (Phylloscopus trivirgatus benguetensis) [Esp]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 35+
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 25+
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 25+
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 15+
Mountain Tailorbird (Orthotomus cuculatus philippinus) [Esp]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 10+
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 10+
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 10+
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5+
Bright-capped Cisticola, "Golden-headed Cisticola" (Cisticola exilis semirufa) [Esp]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
Luzon Bush-Warbler, "Philppine Bush Warbler" (Cettia seebohmi) [E]
1-8-2008 Bontoc-Banaue, Mountain Province-Ifugao (Luzon) 1
1-9-2008 Pasil, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-9-2008 Pasil-Balbalasang, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 10+
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 10+
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 10+
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 10+
1-13-2008 Balbalasang-Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
Benguet Bush-Warbler, "Russet Bush-Warbler" (Bradypterus seebohmi) [E]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 4
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
Long-tailed Ground-Warbler, "Long-tailed Bush Warbler" (Bradypterus caudatus caudatus) [E]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 3
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 3
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1

--Flycatchers--
Luzon Jungle-Flycatcher, "White-browed Jungle-Flycatcher", "Rusty-flanked Jungle-Flycatcher" (Rhinomyias insignis) [E]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 3
Seen in lower trees and higher scrub; one bird produced a ticking sound (alarming?)
Ashy-breasted Flycatcher (Muscicapa randi)
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
Grey-streaked Flycatcher (Muscicapa griseisticta)
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
Mountain Verditer-Flycatcher, "Island (Verditer) Flycatcher" (Eumyias panayensis nigrimentalis) [Esp]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-9-2008 Pasil-Balbalasang, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5+
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 6+
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 4
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 6
Snowy-browed Flycatcher (Ficedula hyperythra dulangana) [Esp]
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 4
Little Pied Flycatcher (Ficedula westermanni rabori) [Esp]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 6
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 3
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5
Citrine Canary-Flycatcher (Culicicapa helianthea septentrionalis) [Esp]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 3
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 4
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5+
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 8
Pied Fantail (Rhipidura javanica nigritorquis) [Esp]
1-8-2008 Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
Blue-headed Fantail, "Luzon Blue-headed Fantail" (Rhipidura (cyaniceps) pinicola) [E]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 15+
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 15+
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 10+
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 10+
Black-naped Monarch (Hypothymis azurea azurea) [Esp]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2

--Whistlers--
Green-backed Whistler (Pachycephala albiventris albiventris) [E]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 6
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5+
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 3
Yellow-bellied Whistler (Pachycephala philippinensis philippinensis) [E]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 3

--Wagtails, Pipits--
Grey Wagtail (Motacilla cinerea robusta)
1-8-2008 Bontoc-Banaue, Mountain Province-Ifugao (Luzon) 2
1-8-2008 Banaue-Lagawe, Mountain Province (Luzon) 3
1-9-2008 Pasil, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-9-2008 Pasil-Balbalasang, Kalinga (Luzon) 5+
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 4
1-13-2008 Balbalasang-Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) 3
Yellow Wagtail, "Kamchatka Wagtail", "Eastern Yellow Wagtail" (Motacilla (flava/ tschutschensis) simillima)
1-8-2008 Cordon, Isabela (Luzon) 3+ this subspecies?
Paddyfield Pipit (Anthus richardi lugubris) [Esp]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 3
Olive Tree-Pipit, "Olive-backed Pipit" (Anthus hodgsoni hodgsoni) [Esp]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 10+

--Shrikes--
Long-tailed Shrike (Lanius schach nasutus) [Esp]
1-8-2008 Cauayan Airport, Isabela (Luzon) 1
1-9-2008 Pasil, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-9-2008 Pasil-Balbalasang, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 3+
Mountain Shrike, "Grey-capped Shrike" (Lanius validirostris validirostris) [E]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 4
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
Brown Shrike (Lanius cristatus lucion)
1-8-2008 Santiago, Isabela (Luzon) 1
1-8-2008 Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-13-2008 Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-13-2008 Tuguegarao, Cagayan (Luzon) 1

--Starlings--
Coleto (Sarcops calvus calvus) [E]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 3 in degraded forest near the village
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
Crested Myna (Acridotheres cristatellus cristatellus)
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5 Balbalasang proper
1-9-2008 Chico River Dam, Calanasan, Tabuk (Kalinga) 2
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 10+
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5+
1-13-2008 Balbalasang-Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) 3
1-13-2008 Tabuk-Tuguegarao, Kalinga-Cagayan (Luzon) 10+
1-13-2008 Tuguegarao, Cagayan (Luzon) 2

--Sunbirds, Spiderhunters--
Plain-throated Sunbird, "Brown-throated Sunbird" (Anthreptes malacensis birgitae) [Esp]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1 Balbalasang proper
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
Olive-backed Sunbird (Cinnyris jugularis obscurior) [Esp]
1-8-2008 Cauayan, Isabela (Luzon) 1
1-8-2008 Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) 3 garden Davidson Hotel
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
Flaming Sunbird (Aethopyga flagrans decolor) [E]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
Metallic-winged Sunbird (Aethopyga pulcherrima jefferyi) [E]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5+
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5+
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5+
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5+
Handsome Sunbird (Aethopyga bella rubrinota) [E]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 3
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 3
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2+

--Flowerpeckers--
Striped Flowerpecker, "Thick-billed Flowerpecker" (Dicaeum aeruginosum) [E]
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
Flame-crowned Flowerpecker (Dicaeum anthonyi anthonyi) [E]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
Hard to find and seen; best views were made from the road between Saltan and Abra Province in a mixed flock of Mountain White-eye, Chestnut-faced Babbler, Mountain Leaf-Warbler and Little Pied Flycatcher
Bicolored Flowerpecker (Dicaeum bicolor inexpectatum) [E]
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
Buzzing Flowerpecker (Dicaeum hypoleucum obscurum) [E]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-9-2008 Balinciagao, Pasil, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 3+
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1+
Fire-breasted Flowerpecker (Dicaeum ignipectus luzoniense) [Esp]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2+
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 4
1-13-2008 Balbalasang-Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) 1+
Pygmy Flowerpecker (Dicaeum pygmaeum salomonseni) [E]
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1

--White-eyes--
Lowland White-eye (Zosterops meyeni) [E]
1-8-2008 Cauayan, Isabela (Luzon) 1
1-8-2008 Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) 5+
Mountain White-eye (Zosterops montanus whiteheadi) [Esp]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 25+
1-9-2008 Balinciagao, Pasil, Kalinga (Luzon) 3
1-9-2008 Pasil-Balbalasang, Kalinga (Luzon) 10+
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 50+
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 50+
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 10+
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 50+
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 50+
1-13-2008 Balbalasang-Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) 10+

--Old World Sparrows, Weavers--
Eurasian Tree Sparrow (Passer montanus)
1-8-2008 Bontoc, Mountain Province (Luzon) present
1-8-2008 Banaue, Ifugao (Luzon) present
1-8-2008 Lagawe, Ifugao (Luzon) present
1-8-2008 Isabela (Luzon) present
1-8-2008 Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) present
1-9-2008 Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) present
1-9-2008 Tabuk-Pasil, Kalinga (Luzon) present
1-9-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) present
1-13-2008 Balbalasang-Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) present
1-13-2008 Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) present
1-13-2008 Tabuk-Tuguegarao, Kalinga-Cagayan (Luzon) present
1-13-2008 Tuguegarao, Cagayan (Luzon) present

--Avadavats, Parrotfinches, Munias--
Tawny-breasted Parrotfinch (Erythrura hyperythra brunneiventris) [Esp]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2 a pair?
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1 in a Benguet Pine
Green-faced Parrotfinch (Erythrura viridifacies) [E]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 3+ in bamboo vegetation near a stream, 1 hour from Balbalasang
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 10+
Scaly-breasted Munia, "Nutmeg Mannikin" (Lonchura punctulata cabanisi) [Esp]
1-9-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5+
Chestnut Munia, "Black-headed Munia" (Lonchura malacca jagori)
1-8-2008 Isabela (Luzon) present
1-8-2008 Kalinga (Luzon) present
1-9-2008 Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) present
1-13-2008 Tabuk, Kalinga (Luzon) present
1-13-2008 Tabuk-Tuguegarao, Kalinga-Cagayan (Luzon) present

--Finches, Crossbills--
Red Crossbill (Loxia curvirostra luzoniensis) [Esp]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 30+
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 50+
1-12-2008 Balbalasang proper, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 3
1-12-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 15+
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 5+
Common; several groups flying over
White-cheeked Bullfinch (Pyrrhula leucogenis leucogenis) [E]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 1
1-11-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 6
1-12-2008 Saltan, Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) 2+
Only heard and seen in open Benguet Pine forest with tree ferns

*MAMMALS: Monkies
Long-tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis philippinensis) [Esp]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) present only heard

*MAMMALS: Squirrels
Philippine Tree Squirrel (Sundasciurus philippinensis) [E]
1-10-2008 Balbalasang, Balbalan, Kalinga (Luzon) present saw one individual climbing in a Benguet pine

*MAMMALS: Mice and Rats
Northern Luzon Giant Cloud Rat (Phloeomys pallidus) [E]
Not seen during my visit; regularly noticed by locals

*MAMMALS: Cats
Leopard Cat (Prionailurus bengalensis)
Not seen during my visit; one of my guides saw a Leopard Cat ("a big cat with spots") a few years ago. This is very surprising and a bit unlikely since the Leopard Cat has never been found in Luzon (before).

*MAMMALS: Civets
Common Palm Civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus philippinensis) [Esp]
Not seen during my visit; some snares for catching this species are found on the path from Balbalasang to Pasil.

*MAMMALS: Pigs
Philippine Warty Pig (Sus philippensis) [E]
Many wallows, made by pigs, were found during my visit

*MAMMALS: Deer
Philippine Brown Deer (Cervus mariannus) [E]
Heard a few deer and saw one male running towards me, stopped 3 meters from me and than ran away!